A Complicated Karst Spring System: Identified by Karst Springs Using Water Level, Hydrogeochemical, and Isotopic Data in Jinan, China

Rhythmic karst springs

Rhythmic springs (ebb and flow springs, intermittent springs, potajnice) belong to the group of springs which appear exclusively in karstified terrains. The paper describes various types of rhythmic springs and gives their classification. It also develops a mathematical model for the functioning of this type of springs based on the principle of recharge and emptying of the underground reservoir...

Karst springs hydrographs as indicators of karst aquifers

By analysing the hydrographs of karst springs it is possible to identify aquifer characteristics and, accordingly, the main features of a karst rock-fissure massif. Consequently, relevant data can be obtained by analysing hydrograph recession curves. This paper presents a detailed analysis and explanation of numerous cases of break points on recession curves via various values of the recession ...

Contamination of the Konar Siah Karst Spring by Saltdom

There are about 200 salt plugs in the southern part of the Zagros Mountain Ranges and the Persian Gulf in Iran (Kent, 1970). The salt comes from the Hormuz salt Formation at the base of the Phanerozoic zone. It moves upward due to the buoyancy, the latteral pressure resulting from the opening of the Red Sea to the southwest, and the weight of several thousand meters of overlying sediments. It m...

Tracking in adjacent karst springs 1

A gray system model for studying the response to climatic change: The Liulin karst springs, China

Gray system theory uses a black-gray-white color spectrum to describe a complex system whose characteristics are only partially known or known with uncertainty. In this study, we use gray system theory to investigate the relation between precipitation and spring flows in a karst region in China. The gray incidence analysis was applied to the Liulin Springs, Shanxi Province, China to analyze the...